Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options
Shoulder impingement and bursitis are common conditions causing pain and limited movement in the shoulder. These conditions often occur together, as impingement can lead to inflammation of the bursa (bursitis). Dr Ben McGrath, an orthopaedic specialist, provides expert assessment and personalised treatment to alleviate symptoms and restore shoulder function.
- What is Shoulder Impingement?
- What is Shoulder Bursitis?
- Common Symptoms of Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
- Causes and Risk Factors for Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
- Diagnosis of Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
- Non-surgical treatments for Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
- Surgical Treatments for Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
- When to See Dr Ben McGrath for Shoulder Pain
- FAQs About Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
What is Shoulder Impingement?
Shoulder impingement occurs when the rotator cuff tendons become compressed or irritated as they pass through the subacromial space, the narrow area beneath the acromion (part of the shoulder blade). Repeated compression can lead to pain, inflammation, and reduced mobility.
What is Shoulder Bursitis?
Shoulder bursitis is the inflammation of the bursa, a fluid-filled sac that cushions and reduces friction between tissues in the shoulder joint. Subacromial bursitis, affecting the bursa beneath the acromion, is often linked to impingement and contributes to shoulder pain and stiffness.
Common Symptoms of Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
Patients with shoulder impingement and bursitis may experience:
- Pain with Overhead Movements: Activities such as reaching, lifting, or throwing can exacerbate pain.
- Shoulder Weakness: Reduced strength, particularly during overhead activities.
- Stiffness and Reduced Range of Motion: Difficulty moving the shoulder through its full range.
- Night Pain: Pain that worsens at night, especially when lying on the affected side.
- Swelling or Tenderness: Tenderness around the front or side of the shoulder.
- Clicking or Popping Sensations: These may occur during movement.
If these symptoms persist, early diagnosis and treatment can prevent further complications.
Causes and Risk Factors for Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
Several factors contribute to the development of these conditions:
- Overuse or Repetitive Movements: Frequent overhead activities, such as swimming or painting, can irritate the tendons and bursa.
- Poor Posture: Forward-leaning shoulders or poor upper back posture can reduce the subacromial space, increasing the risk of impingement.
- Shoulder Injuries: Previous trauma to the shoulder can lead to inflammation and structural changes.
- Ageing: Degeneration of the tendons and bursa becomes more common with age.
- Bone Spurs: Overgrowth of bone around the acromion can narrow the subacromial space and contribute to impingement.
Dr McGrath considers these factors when diagnosing and tailoring treatment plans for patients.
Diagnosis of Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
Dr Ben McGrath uses a detailed approach to diagnose shoulder impingement and bursitis:
- Medical History and Physical Examination: Dr McGrath evaluates symptoms, assesses shoulder movement, and identifies areas of tenderness.
- Imaging Tests: X-rays may reveal structural issues such as bone spurs, while MRI or ultrasound can assess soft tissue damage, including inflammation of the bursa or tendon tears.
Accurate diagnosis ensures appropriate treatment and better outcomes.
Non-Surgical Treatments for Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
Non-surgical management is often effective for these conditions:
- Physiotherapy: A physiotherapist can guide exercises to improve shoulder strength, posture, and flexibility, reducing impingement and inflammation.
- Activity Modification: Avoiding aggravating activities and adopting ergonomic techniques can reduce stress on the shoulder.
- Medication: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may help manage pain and inflammation. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any medication.
- Corticosteroid Injections: Injections into the subacromial space can provide temporary relief by reducing inflammation.
- Ice Therapy: Applying ice packs to the shoulder can alleviate pain and reduce swelling.
Non-surgical treatments aim to manage symptoms, reduce inflammation, and restore function without invasive procedures.
Surgical Treatments for Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
Surgery may be recommended for severe or persistent cases:
- Subacromial Decompression: This minimally invasive procedure involves removing bone spurs or reshaping the acromion to increase space and reduce impingement.
- Bursectomy: Removal of the inflamed bursa to relieve symptoms.
- Rotator Cuff Repair (if required): If a rotator cuff tear is contributing to impingement, surgical repair may be necessary.
Dr McGrath discusses surgical options in detail, ensuring patients are informed about the benefits, risks, and recovery process.
When to See Dr Ben McGrath for Shoulder Pain
If shoulder pain or stiffness persists for more than a few weeks, or if symptoms interfere with daily activities, a consultation with Dr McGrath can provide a personalised diagnosis and treatment plan to address the underlying cause.
FAQs About Shoulder Impingement and Bursitis
Mild cases may improve with rest, activity modification, and physiotherapy. Persistent symptoms often require medical intervention.
Recovery times vary, but most patients regain full function within 3–6 months with proper rehabilitation.
Yes, strengthening the shoulder muscles, improving posture, and incorporating stretches can help reduce the risk. A physiotherapist can provide a tailored program.