Knee Fracture Surgery
Surgical procedures to repair and stabilise fractures in the knee
Fractures in the knee can result from high-impact trauma, such as falls, car accidents, or sports injuries. These fractures can lead to significant pain, swelling, and instability, impacting daily activities and overall mobility.
Common Reasons for Knee Fracture Surgery
- Complex or displaced fractures that cannot heal properly without surgical intervention.
- Open fractures where the bone has punctured the skin.
- Fractures associated with significant joint instability or damage to surrounding structures.
- Failure of non-surgical treatments to relieve symptoms or promote healing.
Goals of the Procedure:
- Stabilise the fractured bones for optimal healing.
- Reduce pain and swelling associated with the injury.
- Restore knee joint alignment, stability, and function.
Preparation for Surgery
Proper preparation helps ensure the best possible outcomes for knee fracture surgery.
Steps in Preparation:
- Pre-Surgical Assessment: Dr Ben McGrath will review your medical history, perform a physical examination, and order imaging studies such as X-rays or CT scans to assess the fracture.
- Medication Management: You may need to pause certain medications, such as blood thinners, before surgery.
- Lifestyle Modifications: Quitting smoking and maintaining a healthy diet can support healing and recovery.
- Pre-Operative Instructions: You will receive detailed instructions, including fasting requirements and post-surgery care planning.
What Happens During the Surgery?
Knee fracture surgery is typically performed under general or regional anaesthesia. The surgical approach depends on the type and severity of the fracture.
Surgical Steps:
- Access and Visualisation: An incision is made to expose the fractured area and assess the extent of the injury.
- Realignment of Fractured Bones: The fractured bones are carefully repositioned to restore the normal anatomy of the knee joint.
- Stabilisation: Specialised hardware, such as screws, plates, rods, or wires, may be used to stabilise the bones during the healing process.
- Closure: The surgical site is closed with sutures or staples, and a sterile dressing is applied.
The duration of the procedure varies depending on the complexity of the fracture.
Understanding the Risks
Knee fracture surgery is generally considered safe, but as with any procedure, there are potential risks.
Common Risks:
- Infection at the surgical site.
- Blood clots in the legs or lungs.
- Swelling or stiffness in the knee.
Rare but Serious Risks:
- Delayed bone healing or non-union of the fracture.
- Nerve or blood vessel injury.
- Hardware-related issues, such as loosening or irritation.
Dr McGrath takes steps to minimise these risks, including advanced surgical techniques and thorough post-operative monitoring.
What to Expect After Surgery
Immediate Post-Operative Care:
- Pain management with prescribed medications and regular icing.
- Use of a knee brace, crutches, or other assistive devices to protect the joint and support mobility.
- A hospital stay of 1–3 days may be required, depending on the injury’s severity.
Discharge Instructions:
- Guidance on wound care and recognising signs of complications.
Recommendations for physical activity and weight-bearing limitations.
Rehabilitation and Recovery
Rehabilitation plays a crucial role in restoring knee function and preventing complications.
Phase 1: Early Recovery (Weeks 0–6)
- Activities: Gentle range-of-motion exercises to prevent stiffness.
- Goal: Manage pain and swelling while protecting the healing bones.
Phase 2: Intermediate Recovery (Weeks 6–12)
- Activities: Gradual reintroduction of weight-bearing exercises and strengthening activities under a physiotherapist’s guidance.
- Goal: Restore joint stability and improve strength.
Phase 3: Advanced Recovery (Months 3–6)
- Activities: Functional training and low-impact exercises.
Goal: Return to daily activities and improve mobility.
Long-Term Outcomes
Knee fracture surgery may provide lasting relief from pain and improved joint stability. Long-term outcomes depend on factors such as adherence to rehabilitation, the severity of the fracture, and the patient’s overall health.
Expected Improvements:
- Restoration of joint alignment and stability.
- Reduced pain and swelling over time.
- Return to normal daily activities, including walking and low-impact sports.
Follow-up visits with Dr McGrath will help ensure the fracture heals properly and address any concerns during recovery.