Knee Arthritis
A degenerative condition that causes pain, stiffness, and difficulty with everyday movement
What is Knee Arthritis?
Knee arthritis is a degenerative condition characterised by the breakdown of cartilage in the knee joint. This wear and tear can cause bones to rub against each other, leading to pain, swelling, and joint stiffness. While arthritis can affect people of all ages, it is more prevalent in older adults. Early diagnosis and intervention are key to managing symptoms and maintaining joint health.
Common Symptoms of Knee Arthritis
Patients with knee arthritis often experience the following symptoms:
- Knee Pain: Pain that worsens with activity, such as walking, climbing stairs, or standing for long periods.
- Stiffness: Difficulty bending or straightening the knee, particularly after rest or in the morning.
- Swelling: Inflammation around the knee joint, which may come and go depending on activity levels.
- Grinding or Popping Sensations: A feeling of grinding or clicking within the joint during movement.
- Reduced Mobility: Difficulty performing everyday tasks, such as squatting or kneeling.
- Joint Deformity: In advanced cases, the knee may appear misshapen due to joint damage.
If you experience persistent knee pain or stiffness, consulting Dr McGrath for an evaluation can help determine the cause and appropriate treatment.
Causes and Risk Factors for Knee Arthritis
Several factors contribute to the development of knee arthritis:
- Ageing: Cartilage naturally wears down with age, making older adults more susceptible to arthritis.
- Previous Knee Injuries: Past injuries, such as fractures, ligament tears, or meniscus damage, can increase the risk of developing arthritis.
- Obesity: Excess weight places additional strain on the knee joint, accelerating cartilage wear.
- Genetics: A family history of arthritis may increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
- Repetitive Stress: Occupations or activities involving repetitive knee movements or heavy lifting can contribute to joint degeneration.
- Inflammatory Conditions: Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis can lead to inflammation and joint damage.
Understanding these risk factors can help patients take preventative measures and seek early treatment if symptoms develop.
Diagnosis of Knee Arthritis
Dr Ben McGrath uses a combination of clinical assessment and diagnostic imaging to confirm knee arthritis:
- Physical Examination: Dr McGrath assesses knee pain, range of motion, and joint stability. He may also check for signs of swelling or tenderness.
- Imaging Tests: X-rays are commonly used to identify cartilage loss, bone spurs, and joint space narrowing. In some cases, an MRI may be recommended to assess soft tissue and cartilage damage.
A comprehensive diagnosis allows for tailored treatment options based on the severity of the arthritis and individual patient needs.
Non-Surgical Treatments for Knee Arthritis
Non-surgical management is often effective for early to moderate knee arthritis and may include:
- Physiotherapy: A physiotherapist can develop an exercise program to strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee, improve joint flexibility, and reduce strain on the affected area.
- Medication: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may help relieve pain and reduce inflammation. Consult with a healthcare provider before starting any medication.
- Weight Management: Losing excess weight can significantly reduce the load on the knee joint, helping to slow arthritis progression.
- Activity Modification: Reducing high-impact activities and incorporating low-impact exercises, such as swimming or cycling, can alleviate joint stress.
- Corticosteroid Injections: In cases of severe pain, corticosteroid injections may be used to temporarily reduce inflammation and improve mobility.
These non-surgical treatments aim to manage symptoms, improve joint function, and enhance quality of life.
Surgical Treatments for Knee Arthritis
When conservative treatments are insufficient, surgical options may be considered to restore function and relieve pain:
- Arthroscopy: A minimally invasive procedure to remove damaged cartilage, smooth bone surfaces, or repair joint structures.
- Partial Knee Replacement: For localised arthritis, partial knee replacement surgery replaces only the damaged portion of the knee joint, preserving healthy tissue.
- Total Knee Replacement: In cases of severe arthritis, total knee replacement surgery involves replacing the entire joint with an artificial implant to restore function and alleviate pain.
Dr McGrath works closely with patients to determine the most suitable surgical approach, discussing potential benefits and risks for each option.
When to See Dr Ben McGrath for Knee Pain
If knee pain persists despite non-surgical treatments, or if symptoms interfere with daily activities, a consultation with Dr Ben McGrath can provide clarity on the condition and explore advanced treatment options tailored to your needs.
FAQs About Knee Arthritis
While arthritis cannot always be prevented, maintaining a healthy weight, staying active, and avoiding joint injuries can help reduce the risk.
Yes, low-impact exercises like swimming, cycling, and walking can help improve joint strength and flexibility. Physiotherapists can provide personalised exercise programs.
Modern knee replacements typically last 15 to 20 years, depending on the patient’s activity level and overall health.