Elbow Dislocation Reduction
A Procedure to Realign a Dislocated Elbow and Restore Joint Function
Elbow dislocation occurs when the bones in the joint are displaced from their normal alignment. Reduction involves manually or surgically repositioning the bones to restore the joint.
Common Reasons for the Procedure:
- Traumatic injuries, such as falls or direct impacts.
- Sports-related injuries or accidents.
- Severe pain, swelling, or inability to move the elbow following dislocation.
Goals of the Procedure:
- Relieve pain and discomfort caused by the dislocation.
- Restore proper alignment and joint stability.
Prevent long-term complications, such as nerve or blood vessel damage.
Preparation for the Procedure
Proper preparation can help ensure a smoother procedure and recovery.
Steps in Preparation:
- Pre-Procedure Evaluation:
- Dr Ben McGrath will assess the injury through physical examination and imaging, such as X-rays or MRIs, to confirm the extent of the dislocation and rule out associated fractures.
- Pre-Procedure Instructions:
- Inform the medical team of any existing medical conditions or medications you are taking.
- Fasting may be required if sedation or anaesthesia will be used.
- Lifestyle Adjustments:
- Avoid activities that place further strain on the injured joint.
- Follow any specific instructions provided to prepare for the procedure.
What Happens During the Procedure?
The reduction process depends on the severity of the dislocation and whether additional injuries are present.
Procedure Steps:
- Anaesthesia or Sedation:
- Local anaesthesia, sedation, or general anaesthesia may be used to minimise discomfort during the procedure.
- Closed Reduction:
- For simple dislocations, the elbow is gently manipulated back into alignment without the need for an incision.
- Open Reduction:
- If closed reduction is not possible or if there are associated fractures, surgery may be required to realign the joint.
- Stabilisation:
- Once the joint is aligned, a splint or brace is applied to immobilise the elbow and allow initial healing.
Understanding the Risks
While elbow dislocation reduction is generally safe, there are some potential risks.
Common Risks:
- Temporary swelling, bruising, or discomfort around the joint.
- Reduced range of motion during the initial recovery period.
Rare but Serious Risks:
- Nerve or blood vessel injury during the reduction.
- Recurrent dislocations due to joint instability.
- Damage to cartilage or surrounding tissues.
Measures are taken to minimise these risks, including careful imaging and skilled execution of the procedure.
What to Expect After the Procedure
Immediate Post-Procedure Care:
- The joint will be immobilised using a splint or brace to promote healing.
- Pain relief medications may be provided to manage discomfort.
Discharge Instructions:
- Avoid placing weight or strain on the affected arm.
- Follow instructions for wound care if an open reduction was performed.
- Attend follow-up appointments to monitor progress.
Rehabilitation and Recovery
Recovery after elbow dislocation reduction typically involves a combination of rest, physiotherapy, and gradual return to activity.
Recovery Milestones:
- Weeks 1–3:
- Maintain immobilisation as directed to protect the joint.
- Begin gentle range-of-motion exercises as recommended.
- Weeks 4–8:
- Gradually introduce strengthening exercises under the guidance of a physiotherapist.
- Months 2–3:
- Return to normal daily activities, avoiding high-impact sports or heavy lifting.
Restrictions During Recovery:
- Avoid activities that could strain the elbow or risk re-injury.
- Adhere to physiotherapy exercises for optimal recovery.
Long-Term Outcomes
Elbow dislocation reduction aims to restore function and stability to the joint.
Expected Improvements:
- Reduced pain and swelling.
- Improved alignment and range of motion.
- Prevention of long-term complications, such as chronic instability or arthritis.
Maintenance of Results:
- Continue physiotherapy to strengthen the joint and surrounding muscles.
- Protect the elbow from future injuries by avoiding high-risk activities.